[101] Tamil in Sri Lanka incorporates loan words from Portuguese, Dutch, and English. [33] Although many of the differences between Tamil and Malayalam demonstrate a pre-historic split of the western dialect,[34] the process of separation into a distinct language, Malayalam, was not completed until sometime in the 13th or 14th century. Tamil is used as one of the languages of education in Malaysia, along with English, Malay and Mandarin. Information about Article in the free online Tamil dictionary. In addition to its dialects, Tamil exhibits different forms: a classical literary style modelled on the ancient language (sankattamiḻ), a modern literary and formal style (centamiḻ), and a modern colloquial form (koṭuntamiḻ). Ellis, F. W. (1820), "Note to the introduction" in Campbell, A.D., Last edited on 28 September 2020, at 15:52, List of territorial entities where Tamil is an official language, 22 languages under schedule 8 of the constitution of India, Pudumaipithan's short story 'Pon Nagaram', List of countries where Tamil is an official language, List of languages by first written accounts, "Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength - 2011", Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 – Chapter 1: Founding Provisions", Republic of Singapore Independence Act, s.7, https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tamil-to-be-a-classical-language/article27670864.ece, "Statement on the Status of Tamil as a Classical Language", Definitive Editions of Ancient Tamil Works, "Chera, Chola, Pandya: Using Archaeological Evidence to Identify the Tamil Kingdoms of Early Historic South India", "Palani excavation triggers fresh debate", "An epigraphic perspective on the antiquity of Tamil", "Delay, howlers in Tamil Lexicon embarrass scholars", UN Chronicle – National Identity and Minority Languages, "Strangers to Their Roots and Those Around Them", Myanmar's Tamils seek to protect their identity, "Canada officially declares pride in its Tamils, passes Bill calling for Tamil Heritage Month", "Constitutional Court of South Africa – The Constitution", "Five Indian languages reinstated as official subjects in South African schools", "For these islanders, a reunion with Tamil", "Tradition, Modernity and Impact of Globalization – Whither Will Tamil Go? [62] Modern spoken Tamil also shows a number of sound changes, in particular, a tendency to lower high vowels in initial and medial positions,[63] and the disappearance of vowels between plosives and between a plosive and rhotic. Tamil or dialects of it were used widely in the state of Kerala as the major language of administration, literature and common usage until the 12th century AD. Tamil is the official language of the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, as well as two sovereign states, Sri Lanka and Singapore. [107] Dental and alveolar consonants also historically contrasted with each other, a typically Dravidian trait not found in the neighbouring Indo-Aryan languages. Mahatma Gandhi's written wishes in Tamil for Subramanya Bharathy, Multilingual signs with Tamil in Sri Lanka (tsunami early warning tower). [124] Nonetheless, a number of words used in classical and modern Tamil are loanwords from the languages of neighbouring groups, or with whom the Tamils had trading links, including Munda (for example, tavaḷai "frog" from Munda tabeg), Malay (e.g. It is possible to construct grammatically valid and meaningful sentences which lack one or more of the three. The "irrational" nouns and pronouns belong to one of two classes: irrational singular and irrational plural. Tamil consonants are presented as hard, soft and medial in some grammars which roughly corresponds to plosives, nasals and approximants. [67] This led to the replacement of a significant number of Sanskrit loanwords by Tamil equivalents, though many others remain. Powered by, என்பவை பெயர்ச்சொற்களை குறிப்பிட்டு அல்லது சுட்டிக்காட்டப் பயன்படும் சொற்களாகும், இதனை தமிழில் சுட்டிடைச்சொற்கள் என்றும் அழைப்பர், ஆங்கிலத்தில் பெயர்ச்சொற்குறிகள் மூன்று மட்டுமே உள்ளன, இவற்றை இரண்டு வகைகளாக வகைப்படுத்தப்பட்டுள்ளன, ஆங்கிலத்தில் நிச்சயப் பெயர்ச்சொற்குறி ஒன்று மட்டுமே உள்ளது, யாரேனும் ஒருவரை அல்லது ஏதேனும் ஒன்றை நிச்சயித்து அல்லது குறிப்பிட்டு பேசப் பயன்படும் சொல் “நிச்சயப் பெயர்சொற்குறி” சொல்லாகும், இந்த” என்று குறித்துப் பேசுவதற்கு இணையானப் பயன்பாடாகும், எப்பொழுதும் பெயர்ச்சொற்களுக்கு முன்பாக மட்டுமே பயன்படும், அத்துடன் ஏற்கெனவே குறிப்பிடப்பட்ட ஒருவரை அல்லது குறிப்பிடப்பட்ட பொருளை குறித்துப் பேசவும் பயன்படும், நிச்சயமற்ற பெயர்ச்சொற்குறிகள் எப்பொழுதும் எந்த ஒரு நபரையும், எந்த ஒரு பொருளையும், என்று நிச்சயித்து குறிப்பிட பயன்படுவதில்லை, எது என தெரியாதப் பொழுது அல்லது குறிப்பிட்டு கூறாமல் தவிர்க்கும் பொருட்டு.

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